"So, adding support for Git to the OpenJDK project was a no-brainer." "The Java team didn't want to keep fighting a pointless uphill battle on their choice of SCM, when almost all developers know and use Git already, and only a small number know and use Mercurial," Purdy added. "But Git quickly overtook it, and now easily has a few orders of magnitude with more developers using it." "Back then, Mercurial had an edge, because it worked, made sense to people who were used to traditional SCM, and was more stable," said Cameron Purdy, CEO of, in Lexington, Mass., and former senior vice president of development at Oracle. Mercurial and Git are both open source and were first released in April 2005.
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"C++ developers will be thrilled to see their code assets becoming first-class citizens in Java as well." "That's an important step to bring the Java community to the latest of open source code repositories," Mueller said. "While under the hood the Vector API is the biggest innovation, the one noticed the most will be the move of the code repository to Git and respectively to GitHub," Mueller said. Regarding the Vector API, Oracle provides an incubator module,, to express vector computations that compile at runtime to optimal vector hardware instructions on supported CPU architectures. "Oracle keeps pushing out innovations for Java, even on a short-term supported release like Java 16," said Holger Mueller, an analyst at Constellation Research, in Monte Vista, Calif. "We want to make sure that their applications and their libraries are resilient to the increased pace of evolution of the JDK."Ī key innovation for Java 16 is the Vector API, said one longtime Java market observer. "It's really about cleanup and helping people," he added. "The libraries are improving as well, both with improvements to Unix-domain socket channels and the packaging tool, which is sort of the way that Java applications that need to be distributed will be achieved in the future," Saab said. ZGC Concurrent Thread-Stack Processing eliminates bottlenecks to allow for concurrent stack processing. Saab said Oracle also has added some "increased goodness" to the Java Virtual Machine by implementing the Elastic Metaspace feature, as well as concurrent thread-stack processing with the Z Garbage Collector (ZGC).Įlastic Metaspace returns unused HotSpot class-metadata or metaspace memory to the operating system quickly, reduces the metaspace footprint and simplifies the metaspace code, which cuts down on maintenance costs. "And having early access builds available during the development of each of these releases has helped." "One of the goals that we had with the six-month release cadence was really making it easier for the ecosystem to adjust to new releases more quickly," Saab said. Oracle delivers Java updates every six months to provide developers with a predictable release schedule. These enhance Java with sealed classes and interfaces, which restrict other classes, or interfaces may extend or implement them, said Georges Saab, vice president of development in the Java platform group at Oracle. In addition, there are three new incubating features in Java 16: The Vector API, the Foreign Linker API and the Foreign-Memory Access API, as well as one preview feature, Sealed Classes.
These features were finalized in JDK 16 after a year of community feedback based on real-world applications. Java Record enhances Java with records, which are classes that act as transparent carriers for immutable data. Pattern Matching for instanceof enhances Java with pattern matching for the instanceof operator. Other new features include the completed versions of the Pattern Matching for instanceof and Records language enhancements that were first previewed in Java 14. Meanwhile, as an interim release Java 16 contains new features such as the Packaging Tool or jpackage, a new tool for packaging self-contained Java applications. That means Oracle will support the next release for a minimum of three years. This latest release is the last one before Oracle delivers JDK 17, which will be a long-term support (LTS) release.
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